HW1

McMurry HW Ch 1: Prob 23ac, 24, 26, 42, 45 麦克默里（McMurry）作业第1章：习题23ac, 24, 26, 42, 45

Q1

PROBLEM 1-23 Give the ground-state electron configuration for each of the following elements: 问题 1-23 给出下列各元素的基态电子构型：

(a) Potassium (a) 钾

(c) Aluminum (c) 铝

Q2

PROBLEM 1-24 What are likely formulas for the following molecules? 问题 1-24 下列分子的可能分子式是什么？

(a) $\mathrm{NH}_{?} \mathrm{OH}$ (a) $\mathrm{NH}_{?} \mathrm{OH}$

(b) $\mathrm{AlCl}_{\text {? }}$ (b) $\mathrm{AlCl}_{\text {? }}$

(c) $\mathrm{CF}_{2} \mathrm{Cl}$ ? (c) $\mathrm{CF}_{2} \mathrm{Cl}$ ?

(d) $\mathrm{CH}_{?} \mathrm{O}$ (d) $\mathrm{CH}_{?} \mathrm{O}$

Q3

PROBLEM 1-26 Draw an electron-dot structure for acetonitrile, $\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{~N}$, which contains a carbon-nitrogen triple bond. How many electrons does the nitrogen atom have in its outer shell? How many are bonding, and how many are nonbonding? 问题 1-26 绘制乙腈（$\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{~N}$）的电子点结构，该分子含有一个碳-氮三键。氮原子在其外层有多少个电子？其中有多少个是成键电子，又有多少个是非成键电子？

Q4

PROBLEM 1-42 How many hydrogens are bonded to each carbon atom in the following substances, and what is the molecular formula of each? 问题 1-42 下列物质中，每个碳原子连接了多少个氢原子？每种物质的分子式是什么？

Q5

PROBLEM 1-45 Why do you suppose no one has ever been able to make cyclopentyne as a stable molecule? 问题 1-45 您认为为什么没有人能够制备出稳定的环戊炔分子？

A

Q1

Q2

a. NH₂OH b. AlCl₃ c. CF₂Cl₂ d. CH₂O

Q3

在乙腈（acetonitrile）分子中，氮原子在其最外层电子壳层中共有八个电子。其中六个用于形成碳–氮三键，另外两个构成一个非成键电子对。

Q4

Q5

1.45 In a compound containing a carbon–carbon triple bond, atoms bonded to the sp-hybridized carbons must lie in a straight line. It is not possible to form a five-membered ring if four carbons must have a linear relationship

1.45 在含有碳–碳三键的化合物中，与sp杂化碳原子相连的原子必须处于一条直线上。如果四个碳原子必须呈线性排列，就无法形成一个五元环。